Mound Builders of Central America Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hill Builders of Central America - Term Paper Example The hills are generally molded square or rectangular, albeit some hexagonal and octagonal hills were additionally discovered (Gissing 13-14). Proposition Statement: The motivation behind this paper is to research hill manufacturers of Central America, look at their history, what the hills spoke to, regardless of whether the hill developers were strict, and the way of life and hill working of the Cahokia. Between 2000 B.C. what's more, A.D.1600, the Indians in the antiquated Midwest and South flourished for a few centuries. Their settlements changed the untamed wild into a propelled system of complex political and monetary highlights. The system was regularly connected by conduits, for example, the Missippi River. The principal significant urban focuses were made in North America by the hill developers, from Cahokia in southern Illinois to Poverty Point in northeastern Louisiana (USA Today 12). â€Å"The most noteworthy grouping of hills lay in the core of the mainland: Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri† (Silverberg 3). There were auxiliary hill territories in western Tennessee and Kentucky. Almost every significant conduit of the Midwest was encircled by bunches of hills. The hills worked in Central America and Mexico were built for a similar reason as those in different pieces of the landmass. The majority of the lower hills would have been built â€Å"as establishments for the more significant structures of the hill building individuals (Gissing 15). A considerable lot of the extraordinary structures raised on such pyramidal establishments at Palenque, Uxmal and different spots in the locale didn't evaporate throughout the hundreds of years since they were worked of cut stone laid in mortar. Then again, the hill developers starting their development works in the lower Mississippi utilized wood or some other short-lived material; accordingly there isn't so much as a hint of those hills to be discovered today. The higher hills with wide, level culminations, came to by flights of stairs outwardly, seem like the Mexican

A Typical Session :: essays research papers

Ronnie discreetly strolled into her room and shut her entryway, locking it behind her. She turned on some music proper for the event; "Am I Wrong?" by Love Spit Love and "Perfect Day" by Lou Reed being her preferred mood melodies during troublesome occasions. Ronnie moved to her wardrobe and opened one of its numerous drawers. She pulled out a guiltless looking box of matches from a neighborhood light store. In the wake of opening it, she took out a marginally blood-recolored cardboard pocket. Inside... A shining razorblade. Pulling the sharp edge from its defensive sheath, Ronnie sat on her bed. She took a full breath, gritted her teeth, and saw her left lower arm. It was getting increasingly hard for her to cut; her scars were difficult to cut over, nor were new scabs. Finding a reasonable zone, Ronnie prepared herself and gradually hauled the edge over her skin. Quickly, a slim line of blood streaked over her open lower arm. Ronnie could feel help moving through her body. How great it felt to cut! How brilliant to discharge every last bit of her repressed vitality! Excitedly, Ronnie made a subsequent cut. At that point a third. What's more, a fourth. Before long, she had lines and lines of meager red lines, each around three inches in length, running down her arm. At the point when she arrived at her inward elbow, she halted. Ronnie sat and contemplated for a second. Should she, having come up short on space on her lower arm, make more cuts on the following best territory... her left lower leg? Discussing intellectually, Ronnie at long last ruled against it. After you've cut a territory, you can't cut there again for in any event seven days while the scabs recuperate. She expected to spare her lower leg on the off chance that she needed to cut again in the following not many days. The cutting done, Ronnie got the container of Kleenex close to her bed. She squeezed the tissues against the progression of blood originating from her arm. Following a few minutes, the draining halted. Ronnie wrapped paper towels around her influenced appendage so she wouldn't get blood on her shirt and protected the towels with Scotch tape.

Procurement and Supply Chain Management for Amazon- myassignmenthelp

Question: Talk about theProcurement and Supply Chain Management for Amazon. Answer: Presentation Amazon is an online business organization which is situated in America. The organization is established by Jeff Bezos and is situated in Seattle, Washington. The organization was built up in the year 1994. Amazon is the biggest internet business organization on the planet regarding the market capitalization and income earned. Amazon at first began with the online book shop and later it likewise incorporated the video and the music gushing and in the end the internet retailing business. The web based retailing business incorporated a wide scope of the items and this has prompted the enormous interest of the organization (Amazon.com 2018). Gracefully issues The significant gracefully gives that are being experienced by the Amazon are as per the following: Poor flexibly chain the board when an organization is at the highest point of the gracefully chain the executives execution, the accessibility and the item chain experiences impressively the provider's error. It regularly happens that the makers wrecked with the conveyance of the item and can't dispatch the item inside the specified time limit. This prompts hatred and because of this, the deals might be lost. Wastefulness in the entire procedure the utilization of the wasteful procedures that the providers attempt because of the lack of concern. Deficient stock-without the adequate gracefully of the items, it is absurd to expect to find the expanding request of the items. Absence of the observing the business outlets-successful checking of the of the considerable number of deals outlets and if not oversaw appropriately may prompt the channel of the stock right away. Overselling-so as to decrease any sort of disarray, the deals of the item should be permitted uniquely till the stocks can support (Ecommerce Tips, 2018). Tasks issues Amazons operational issues are subject to the specific regions that are as per the following: Structure of the administrations and the products Nature of the administration Limit and the procedure plan Area procedure Procedure and the format structure HR and employment structure Flexibly chain the executives Stock administration Booking Support (Sec.gov, 2018) Top 3 difficulties The best 3 difficulties regarding the consummation of the assignment are as per the following: Looking through the online web indexes is now and then prompts data that may not be dependable. A few major organizations frequently are reluctant to uncover their issues and issues identified with the activity and the gracefully. There are different difficulties like the issues that are refered to over various online sources come up short on the dynamism. The information are seen as extrapolated or are old. Methodologies to address these issues The methodologies that are utilized to address the difficulties are put together dependence with respect to the information that accessible from the destinations that are adequately referenced (Masic, 2013). The information from the first home site are just viewed as credible. End From the above conversation, it very well may be inferred that the Amazon is one of the greatest web based business organization and after some time Amazon has increased monstrous ubiquity and the piece of the overall industry because of its viable relief of the operational and flexibly issues and issues. Reference Amazon.com (2018). Amazon.com: Online Shopping for Electronics, Apparel, Computers, Books, DVDs more. [online] Amazon.com. Accessible at: https://www.amazon.com/[Accessed 12 Apr. 2018]. Web based business Tips (2018). 3 Problems with Amazon Inventory Management And Their Solutions - E-trade Tips. [online] Ecommerce Tips. Accessible at: https://ecommercetips.org/3-issues with-amazon-stock administration/[Accessed 12 Apr. 2018]. Masic, I. (2013). The significance of legitimate reference of references in biomedical articles. ActaInformaticaMedica, 21(3), 148. Sec.gov (2018). 10-K. [online] Sec.gov. Accessible at: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/information/1018724/000101872416000172/amzn-20151231x10k.htm [Accessed 12 Apr. 2018].

The New Fuss About Help on Research Papers

The New Fuss About Help on Research Papers Things You Should Know About Help on Research Papers Don't be scared to talk about your ideas as part of creative procedure and remember there's just one approach to reach the desired goals receiving papers which have been meticulously checked, reviewed and proofread. Many a moment, the students possess the ideas but are not able to give it the appropriate form and meaning. When writing a research paper most students choose to use all the probable ways to simplify the assignment and save a little time and nerves. Examine the point of differences among research before and that of literature later on. Taking into account the quantity of work that students must do, it's especially challenging to deal with each assignment in time. The thing is that most of students don't understand why writing is a significant element of academic pursuits. From time to time, the students don't have the moment. Clearly, it's the students which are likely to benefit enormously from such sort of assistance. No matter the character of your research if you're writing a paper an outline can help you to not just organize your thoughts but in addition function as the template for your whole paper. An excellent research paper outline apa increases your odds of composing a top quality paper. One of the serious benefits of developing an outline of your work is the fact that it makes it possible to to compose a coherent research paper. 8 standard strategies for writing an awesome white paper. You must therefore remember to highlight such information so you can easily retrieve it when compiling your research paper. There's a particular procedure of how essays ought to be written. If you need assistance on dissertation writing, our experts provide you with guidance about how to write an exceptional paper. Customized research help with science homework on-line paper writing is that which we do a ton better. Another challenge student face whilst writing essays is an enormous academic burden whereby they will need to compose multiple coursework assignments within a particular time. Writing the first draft provides you with an opportunity to assess the type of progress that you've made in writing your research paper. It compares, and contrast essays allow the university students of Ireland to express their thoughts and concepts regarding some of the contradictive issues. What's more, writing allows students to come up with their distinctive manners of writing. Help on Research Papers - What Is It? You are going to receive unique texts, which will be finished in time. If you therefore want your work to be accepted then you should be sure that it's in the correct format. Whether you own a complaint or you will need clarification on a specific issue, they are always prepared to assist. All academic papers always have to be written in a special format. Help on Research Papers Help! If you're not content with the paper, don't hesitate to request revision because your satisfaction is our final objective. In any case, you can read the testimonials of our clients. Again, designing questionnaire necessitates time and energy. Inability to meet deadlines is another typical problem that poses a huge challenge to several students. Top Help on Research Papers Secrets A winning assignment is not too very simple to find. Draft needs to be made on the grounds of an outline. To put it differently you ought not permit yourself to become too attached to your very first draft to the extent that you don't wish to revise it. After making up an outline, you have to compose the very first draft of your work. Life After Help on Research Papers To put it differently, an outline guarantees that there's a logical stream of info in your work. To learn how to do a superior dissertation you should know it is written in a lot of drafts adding a layer of information every time bef ore reaching a last edition. It's however worth to be aware that as soon as you comprehend the research process you may even delight in working on this academic paper. You have to use research from a selection of sources to jusfy your essay. Maybe, you even gave up the concept of locating a great company, or maybe you've ordered from the initial one without looking through the website, and now you're not so pleased with the outcome. The main benefit of our custom made writing is that you take full charge of the writing process. Meet the resume writing your own resume to your private website in just a little time administration. The actual men and women highly praise our essay help site. The intent and result of such advocacy must increase the feeling of power of somebody. There's an exclusive place of the social workers since they are able to advocate and test the system. Help extended by experts within the field will certainly set the student in good stead in their academics. The exact same sex marriage is another illustration of advocacy.

Classroom Essentials for the New Special Educator

When we approach the school year all teachers will be evaluating the strategies and classroom structures that are important for behavioral success and instructional efficiency.  That is doubly essential for the new teacher creating their first classroom.  Ã‚   Perhaps the most important actor in your classroom is the environment.  A classroom environment is not just a matter of lighting and decorating (although they may contribute.)  No, it is the emotional as well as the physical environment that create the canvas on which you will be providing instruction.  For some special educators who push in, they carry their environment with them.  For teachers who are in resource room settings, they need to create an environment communicates expectations for students and create an efficient place for them to engage in instruction.  For self-contained programs, the challenge is to create an environment that will provide a structure that will work for the teacher, the classroom para-professional, and the range of abilities your students will probably bring with them. In our experience, self-contained programs often have as wide a variety of skills and challenges as a regular education classroom with three to four times more students.   Pro-Active Means Preparation Preparing a classroom for students will require planning and anticipation, including:   Seating/Seating chart: How you plan to provide instruction will change how you seat your students.  Anticipate those seating arrangements to change.  For a classroom where you anticipate behavioral challenges, start with desks in rows separated by an arms length in each direction.  As your year progresses, you will be able to modify how you mediate instruction and how you  manage behavior.  A group that needs constant monitoring will be arranged completely differently from a group that focuses on independent work while others are in small groups or working in learning centers.  Also, the first group, with consistent feedback, teaching, and reinforcement, might just become the second group! Comprehensive Behavior Management System How you intend to reinforce the behavior you want, especially independent behavior and how you want to provide consequences for behaviors you do not want, you will need to choose and implement one of several different comprehensive plans:   Whole Class and/or Individual Behavior Management Systems:  Sometimes a classroom system will work without implementing individual behavior management, especially when the focus of your program is remediating academics and not managing behavior.  Or, you can start with a group plan and then add an individual plan.  Or, you can use individual reinforcement plans (i.e. token boards) and then a classwide system for group activities or transitions.   Whole Class Behavior Systems Require   A visual cuing system.  This can be a board, a digital system (such as Class DOJO)  Ã‚  or an interactive cue system, like a clothespin clip system or a color wheel.  Clear expectations and outcomes. These include rules and routines, which we will explore later.  Be sure you know exactly when you place a token or move a clip up or down.  Be sure you know what consequences will be moving to red or whatever your least desirable color is.  Be sure your consequence is truly a consequence and not a threat, in other words dont make a consequence something that is either unreasonable (no p.e. for the rest of the school year) or something you are unwilling or unable to do (two swats with a paddle.  Corporal punishment is illegal in most states and doesnt work in any case.)  Rewards or Reinforcement.  Be sure some of the reinforcers you offer (positive) are social so you are pairing reinforcement with appropriate social behavior.  How about tickets for a game day? (Play bo ard games as a class on Friday afternoons.)  Access to preferred activities or classroom jobs with status (such as line leader or lunch basket) is also great reinforcers.  By pairing reinforcement with appropriate positive behavior, you also reinforce the social behavior.  Consequences.  Sometimes the absence of reinforcement is consequence enough to change future behavior.  Sometimes an appropriate consequence (because it makes undesired behavior less likely to reappear) is to remove access to a preferred daily activity, such as recess or reading in a kindergarten classroom.   Individual Behavior Systems Require A visual recording system.   Sticker charts or token charts work well.Clear expectations.  It is best to focus on no more than two behaviors at a time.  Be sure students know why they are earning stickers or tokens when they get them:  i.e. Wow, you did a nice job getting that spelling page done, Roger.  Heres your sticker.  Just two more till you get your break!  Targeted reinforcement:  As above, target specific behaviors and be sure you define those target behaviors clearly.  Reinforce no more than two behaviors at a time.   Deciding Which Behavioral Strategies to Use As you are setting up your classroom, you will need to decide a few things: Do you start with individual behavior management systems or group?  As a new teacher, you are best to err on the side of too much structure, not too little.How easy or hard will the system be to administer?  No structure is chaos, too much structure may lead to default because you cant keep your eyes on everything.  Know your team, as well.  Will you have one or more paraprofessionals who could administer one of your reinforcement systems?  Can you and your staff administer the system with as little effect as possible?  You dont want a system that you are tempted to use as a punishment.  If the focus of your system becomes your relationship with your students.  Ã‚   The Physical Environment Arranging supplies, pencil sharpening and all the mechanics of supporting academic and social interaction for school success is invaluable. Sharpening pencils, handing out materials, all those simple tasks are tasks your students can manipulate to avoid tasks, to move around the classroom and disturb peers, to establish their pecking order in the classroom.  New teachers may feel that those of us who are long in the teeth make way too much of organization, but we have watched students dither away the day sharpening their pencils.  Oh, and they can burn those babies out! So, you need to be sure your routines include: Pencil Sharpening.  Is it a job, or do you have a cup where pencils can be swapped out?  Desks: Trust me.  You want the tops of desks clean.  They are students, not insurance agents.  Supplies:   If you put students in groups, each group should have a carry all or tray for pencils, crayons, scissors, and other supplies.  Put someone in charge (and assigned on the job chart) to refill papers, sharpen pencils and do whatever you need.  For small groups, put someone in charge of paper passing.Turn in:  Have a routine for turning in completed assignments.  You may want a tray for finished assignments, or even a vertical file where students turn in their folders.   Bulletin Boards Put your walls to work.  Avoid that temptation of some teachers to spend big at the teacher store and clutter up the walls.  Too much on the walls may distract students with disabilities, so be sure the walls talk but not scream.   Resources Behavioral Systems A Color Chart System Using Clothes PinsToken ChartsSticker Charts to Support IndependenceA Lottery SystemA Token Economy Physical Resources Seating ChartsBulletin Boards that Put Your Walls to WorkBack to School Bulletin BoardsSticker Charts

Harassment And Bullying On Social Media - 1568 Words

Harassment and Bullying on Social Media What is the history of this topic? Since the beginning of time people have always had an instinct for the desire to survive. Through this instinct of survival comes competition, where people feel the need to surpass others to get what they want, which has not changed as humans have evolved (Donegan, 2012, p.34). The aspect of competition occurs in many aspects of our life including in our education, social and economic systems. In the U.S., capitalistic society, we live in it pushes the idea that to be considered successful, people need to obtain wealth. This idea has caused bullying to be unintentionally installed as a survival necessity for many at a young age (Donegan, 2012, p.34). Bullying can be defined as the intentional harm-doing or harassment that is directed toward vulnerable targets and typically repeated (Bullying, 2016). This type of behavior can range from physical abuse as well as, verbal abuse not just person to person, but from other forms of communication such as the internet (Bullying,2016). The fir st systematic study of bullying began in the early 1980’s in Norway and Sweden led by research professor of psychology Dan Olweus (Piotrowski, 2009, p. 324). In this study, Olweus found that of the 15,000 children and youth he surveyed 15 percent of the respondents had experienced bullying 9 percent as victims, 7 percent as bullies, and 2 percent as both bully and victim (Piotrowski, 2009, p.324). In 1989 the World WideShow MoreRelatedSocial Media And Modern Age Teenagers906 Words   |  4 PagesSocial media and modern-age teenagers is a concoction that is doomed to fail with multiple issues that affect teen’s relationships: lying, insults, communication issues, sexual harassment, and cyber bullying. 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Larger kids, picking on the weaker, usually do to something that makes the victim stand out as different. In Kowalski, Limber, and Agatston’s book, â€Å"Cyberbullying : Bullying in the Digital Age† they introduced some real life examples: JackRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media has gained immense popularity, following increased access to the internet and technology devices including smart phones. Social media is used to denote platforms in which people build and share social connections; thus enhancing information sharing and interaction. Major examples include Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, LinkedIn, Google+, Pinterest and Instagram. 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(NPC) This shows that most teens do not think of cyberbullying as much of a threat, even though the rate in has gone up. In 2008–2009, the School Crime SupplementRead MoreAnalysis Of Sherman Alexie s The Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian 1576 Words   |  7 PagesMay 2017 The Advancement of Bullying Within Society Bullying refers to the intentional tormenting in physical, verbal, or psychological ways. Sherman Alexie s The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian raises awareness about this common social issue, bullying, through his story about a boy growing up on an impoverished Native American reservation. The novel shows how bullying can leave deep emotional scars that last a lifetime. It s important to take bullying seriously and not just brushRead MorePre-Teens, Teenagers and Social Media1566 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media sites like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have become a major part of pre-teens and teenagers’ everyday life. With the amount of time, energy, and emotions young people put into social media, it has begun to show some negative effects on the health and well-being of youth. The possible positive effects that social media has is vastly overshadowed by the devastating negative effects it has on our youth. According to O’Keeffe and Clarke-Pearson, doctors with the American Academy of Pediatrics

Poetry The Endangered Art Essay Example For Students

Poetry The Endangered Art Essay I, being born a woman and distressed Those are the beginning words of a poem wrote by one of Americas most renowned poets, Edna St. Vincent Millay. Literarily avant-guard for her time, she was the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize for her works in 1925. Yet with trend setters such as Millay, why is poetry an endangered art form? Having disappeared from the literary reviews, found in anthologies and circled among a privileged few, it seems that it is no longer available to the masses as it once was (Gioia). Edna St. Vincent Millay was born on February 22nd, 1892 in Rockland Maine. Born to a middle class family, by the age of 7 years old, Edna was being brought up by a single mother of three girls. Always encouraged by her mother to be self reliant and determined, she was introduced by her, to classical literature and music. While attending high school, where she was editor in chief of the school newspaper, her first great poem, Renascence, was published in an anthology called the Lyric Year, in 1912 (The Academy of American Poets). She was able to attend Vassar, subsequently with the help of a wealthy benefactor. Millay established her bisexuality, while at Vassar, as she had several relationships with students there. She continued to write plays as well as poems, and by her graduation, in 1917, she published Renascence and other Poems. After graduation, she moved to New York, and settled in Greenwich Village (Answers. com). She supported herself by writing short stories under the assumed name of Nancy Boyd. She also befriended many of the prominent artists of the time as well as political activists. Her second published works came in 1920, under the name A Few Twigs For Thistle, where she advocated feminism. By 1923, her fourth opus was published, The Harp Weaver, in which the poem, being born a woman and distressed was published. This literary masterpiece will confirm her as one of the most gifted writers of her time by granting the first Pulitzer Prize for poetry ever bestowed on a woman. She continued to write on till her death in 1950. Even though towards the end of her life she was more an engaged writer than the lyrical one of her beginnings, Millay left us with an indelible awareness on such themes as social consciousness, feminism and life in general (Gale). So why I ask again, is poetry an endangered art, with such tremendous legends such as Millay. We know that poetry is a literary art form but why has it become only available to a privileged few? But then one could retort, how is it so when academic writing programs, creative writing classes, subsidized magazines proliferate? Unknowingly, they have contributed to the isolation of poetry from the masses (Gioia). Having being educated in the French system, I always have been confronted to poetry. Whether in elementary school where we were taught poems by Paul Verlaine, Jacques Prevert or Jean de la Fontaine, the imagery of verse was used to enlighten our artistic knowledge. In middle school and then high school, our education of poetry was used more to teach about literature and language. Texts by Appollinaire, Charles Baudelaire, Boris Vian or Rimbaud were taught to us. No longer did we just learn and then recite them, but the meaning, influences, and themes were explored enabling us a better grasp of the art form. This not only created future creative writers but fervent and faithful poetry readers for years to come. Then it might be useful for me to rephrase my question: why is poetry an endangered art on this side of the Atlantic? .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d , .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d .postImageUrl , .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d , .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d:hover , .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d:visited , .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d:active { border:0!important; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d:active , .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0bc2de32a5696473f1d39f05f9599b5d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Analysis on the poem EssayWell as I indicated, changing the educational curriculum would have a positive effect. Here, in the United States, only a selected few are exposed to poetry in their high school years, and only by choice. Poetry is not part of the basic curriculum. Enlightening our young readers, early on would broaden the literary horizon. That is not to say that for those selected few who are familiar with the art form, this does not create enthusiasm and maybe career choices. But then once they are on the professional path they restrict themselves to their peers. In the 1960s, poetry was not only an art form but a movement. Poets were activists and marginalized, actively part of the social and political forefront. When going to a poetry reading, one would here works by not only the speaker, but other authors as well, the goal of the reading was to publically celebrate the art form while getting a message across. Now, these same authors are relegated to the confines of academia, and specialized peer reviews. By elevating and revering poetry, publishers, journalists, and poets themselves have isolated it to the elitists few. Bringing back the weekly reviews, publishing poems in mass media, and giving it back to the masses, would give it a new life. Poetry is certainly not dead, but like any endangered species, it is living in a small community, among its peers. And although it lives in academia, bringing it to the young malleable minds early on in school would assure its growing, continued and sustained life. Making poetry part of the educational program like math, history and social sciences would guarantee that poetry be available to all at all stages of their life.

Depression Essay Example Clinical Depression

Clinical Depression It is believed that much can be said about how a person reacts to a situation. In times of successes and positive moments, most people celebrate with joyous reactions. However, in troubled times, people react with different shades of negative emotions.   Some spring back right away and take positive action while others dwell in doom and even fall into a dark depressive state.   In this complicated world of ours, many people find it difficult to cope, especially in a fast-paced country like America where decisions must be made at every turn. When problems which people cannot handle beset them, their emotions run low.   Such downward spiral of emotions usually comes with a host of symptoms that affect physical and mental functioning. For these people, how do they find their way back to the light? Depression may be caused by a host of factors and is usually manifested with negative behaviors stemming from negative emotions. Sometimes, the person experiencing it is not even aware that he is undergoing depression.   Clinical Depression as a psychological disorder is characterized by severe and debilitating depressive episodes. People suffering from Clinical Depression experience inability to go on with work, establish harmonious relationships in their social and family life.   They become withdrawn, and cease to enjoy things they have enjoyed before and eventually becomes hopeless. Causes for Clinical Disorder may be linked to organic neurological causes such as disruption in neural circuits and neurochemicals in the brain.   It may also be genetically predisposed in the patient or caused by post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder (www.bipolarcenteral.com/otherillnesses/unipolar_disorder.asp). Symptoms of unipolar depression include: the inability to concentrate or make decisions; being apathetic or neutralized emotional behavior; irritability, nervousness and anxiety; lowered energy and complaints of consistent fatigue; feelings of sadness, hopelessness, low self-esteem, worthlessness; withdrawal from social and family activities; decreased sexual desire and activity; suicidal tendencies and disturbance in eating and sleep patterns. Diagnosis of this disorder includes physical and mental evaluations to rule out the presence of other diseases or illnesses.   The patient exhibits most, if not all of the symptoms for a prolonged period of time.   Treatment may include Psychotherapy; Electroconvulsive Therapy in severe cases; pharmacotherapy with antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)-the tricyclics, and the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). The SSRIs-and other newer medications that affect neurotransmitters such as dopamine or norepin ephrine-generally have fewer side effects than tricyclics.; or hospitalization in severe cases. Brent and Birmaher (2002) noted that depression in both children and adolescents is not always featured by sadness, but rather takes the form of irritability, boredom, and the inability to find pleasure. Symptoms of depression may also vary depending upon the stage of adolescence. Younger adolescents may show more anxiety-related symptoms—clinging behaviors, unexplained fears, and physical symptoms—while older adolescents may experience a greater loss of interest and pleasure and also have more morbid thinking (Mondimore, 2002). Lewinsohn, Rhode, and Seeley (1998) found that nearly 89% of depressed adolescents reported disturbances in sleep. Other symptoms that were frequently reported included a disturbance in weight/appetite (79.5%) and anhedonia (77.3%).   The average length of a depressive episode is about 6 months however, about 25% of patients have episodes of more than a year and about 10-20% develop it chronically.   About 80% of patients with major depressi on will experience further episodes (http://www.depression-guide.com/unipolar-depression.htm) In America, depression may be more common than people know because of the high stress produced in work settings. For most depressed people, however, it is something they may keep to themselves, as it may not be acceptable in a generally positive environment. It may even go undetected and undiagnosed which may lead to a more serious disorder.   Another reason why some depressed people may ignore this disorder is the need to keep working for a living no matter how poor their performance may be due to the depression. In any case, people should be more attune to their mental and psychological health.   Depression may be interpreted as mere sadness or feeling low, but as earlier mentioned, may lead to more serious illnesses that may manifest physically as serious diseases such as ulcers or even cancer, since stressful states trigger strong physical sensations and symptoms (Lewinsohn, Rhode, and Seeley, 1998). Depression should not be taken lightly, and in the first signs, must be dealt with accordingly to prevent its progression into a more serious psychological and physical disorder. References Brent, A., Birmaher, B., Adolescent depression. The New England Journal of Medicine, 347, 667–671. August 29, 2002. http://www.bipolarcenteral.com/otherillnesses/unipolar_disorder.asp http://www.depression-guide.com/unipolar-depression.htm Lewinsohn, P. M., Rhode, P., Seely, J. R., Major depressive disorder in older adolescents: Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical implications. Clinical Psychology Review, 18, 765–794. 1998   Mondimore, F. M., Adolescent depression: A guide for parents. Baltimore, MD: The John Hopkins University Press, 2002 We Look Forward to Helping You Our customers are our pride. They bring us business, and we deliver them quality work. So just open the Live Chat, write â€Å"do my essay for me† to the support staff. They will instantly help you register after which, you may order your essay. Sign up now.

Free Essays on Going Cheap

Going Cheap Today slave labor is going not only cheaper, but also tending to be disposable. Three reasons contributed to this trend. First of all, the world’s population is increasing sharply. Secondly, economy is growing and globalizing. Finally, government is powerless in controlling slave labour. Slave-made products were hidden behind the global economy and may be consumed by western consumer in the end. So far no effective solutions have been found to eliminate slave labour because it is very difficult to track down the course of a product’s origin. Unfortunately, human trafficking tended to be expanding recently, but government are still struggling to take actions to prevent such trend, as well as, businesses were trying to detect the slavery among their suppliers. In fact, exporting and importing slave labor took place in many countries. The programs for liberating slaves are now on the way in many countries, although they are now in the baby stage, at least they are growing everyday. The title sounds attractive, everyone wants to buy something cheap, but when I finished this article, I was shocked that some people even children in some places of the world are suffering from both physical torture and psychological abuse. It is important to draw the media attention and increase the public awareness. In some countries or some places, some people did experience with the slave labor or physical and psychological abuse, however, once government ruled business strictly, no factory or plantation would hire slave labor. For example, government will set a series of policies including living condition, the lowest salary and freedom of labors. Each factory must register for its labors in an organization, like labor numbers, labor origin and labor personal information. In addition, officer will monitor these companies on a regular basis. Once government show how strict the policies are, no company would take a risk.... Free Essays on Going Cheap Free Essays on Going Cheap Going Cheap Today slave labor is going not only cheaper, but also tending to be disposable. Three reasons contributed to this trend. First of all, the world’s population is increasing sharply. Secondly, economy is growing and globalizing. Finally, government is powerless in controlling slave labour. Slave-made products were hidden behind the global economy and may be consumed by western consumer in the end. So far no effective solutions have been found to eliminate slave labour because it is very difficult to track down the course of a product’s origin. Unfortunately, human trafficking tended to be expanding recently, but government are still struggling to take actions to prevent such trend, as well as, businesses were trying to detect the slavery among their suppliers. In fact, exporting and importing slave labor took place in many countries. The programs for liberating slaves are now on the way in many countries, although they are now in the baby stage, at least they are growing everyday. The title sounds attractive, everyone wants to buy something cheap, but when I finished this article, I was shocked that some people even children in some places of the world are suffering from both physical torture and psychological abuse. It is important to draw the media attention and increase the public awareness. In some countries or some places, some people did experience with the slave labor or physical and psychological abuse, however, once government ruled business strictly, no factory or plantation would hire slave labor. For example, government will set a series of policies including living condition, the lowest salary and freedom of labors. Each factory must register for its labors in an organization, like labor numbers, labor origin and labor personal information. In addition, officer will monitor these companies on a regular basis. Once government show how strict the policies are, no company would take a risk....

LOG503 MOD 3 Case Assn - Logistic Planning Essay

LOG503 MOD 3 Case Assn - Logistic Planning - Essay Example On the basis of the aforementioned concern, the paper intends to briefly discuss about the logistic strategies of Ford in the global automobile industry. Moreover, the location design of Ford concerning distributors or retail, influence of the customers towards location decision of Ford and its effect on logistics will also be taken into concern in this paper. Impact of Location and its affect on Logistic Planning The location of production as well as distribution units can impose significant impact and affect logistic planning of any organization. This is owing to the reason that an effective location plan can facilitate an organization to increase the satisfaction level of the customers by providing them their desired products at the right time. It has been apparently observed that an extensive network of suppliers and distribution channels is regarded as one of the major strengths of Ford that enabled the organization to gain momentum in the global automobile market. ... the cultural perspectives concerning the locations of its different production as well as distribution units with the intention of increasing the satisfaction level of the customers at large (Leontiades, 1987). In general, the location concerning plant and logistic network can be effectively organized or managed depending upon the tradeoff scenario of any particular organization. The significant concern of plant location generally encompasses different factors such as material cost, labor cost, infrastructure facilities, business services, customer or market, available suppliers as well as resources, government regulations and existing competition (Lu, Kuo, Tseng & Liaw, 2007). With this concern, the logistic network and overall supply chain management activities of Ford are conducted by Penske Logistic. In this similar context, Penske has been identified to be a leading service provider of logistics for Ford since the year 1999. It executes streamline operations for Ford through ado pting as well as implementing six-sigma initiatives in terms of maintaining and creating more effective as well as centralized logistic network. As the leading logistic provider of Ford, Penske performs effective and quality based logistic management functions that further ensure to mitigate different challenges resulting from inbound inconsistencies, unnecessary costs and shipment overages (Penske, 2013). Comparison of Location Decision of Ford To a Distributor According to the global business scenario, it can be recognized that the exact location choice is quite important for an organization to accomplish its predetermined business targets. In order to determine effective location decisions, the organizations in this present day context must need to focus upon enhancing their various

Determining How Costs Behave Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Determining How Costs Behave - Research Paper Example The purpose of this assignment is to study the behavior of fixed, variable and total cost at different level of business activities. The behavior of cost is related to the level of business activity (â€Å"Identifying Cost Behavior†, n.d.). It implies that a change in business activity exerts influence on the parameters of the above equation. This reaction of it is called cost behavior. Some costs may stay same, and others may change proportionally in response to a change in business activity. That is why; for managers of a company, it is necessary to understand how a cost reacts to a change in the business activity. This knowledge helps managers to determine future profit from a new product, prepare a forecast and create a budget (Horngren, Sunden, Schatzberg, & Burgstahler, 2012). From the perspective of cost behavior, there are three type of costs: fixed, variable, and mixed. Fixed are those costs that do not change due to the change of level of activity. However, fixed cost, if expressed per unit basis, varies inversely due to the change of level of activity (Caplan). Some of the examples of fixed costs are salaries, rent, and property taxes. Variable are those costs that change due to the change of level of activity. It is constant per unit. In linear equation, variable costs vary linearly with the change of level of activity. Variable costs, by definition, are considered as cost drivers (Horngren, Sunden, Schatzberg, & Burgstahler, 2012). Cost drivers also demonstrate cause and effect relationship between the level of an activity and costs related to that activity (â€Å"Types of Cost Behavior†, n.d.). Some of the examples of variable costs are direct material, direct labor, and sales commission. Mixed are those costs that have both fixed and varia ble components. The discussion above can be expressed as Total cost = Total fixed cost + Total variable cost. From this equation, we can

Food security Essay Example for Free

Food security Essay All efforts to bridge the gap between government estimates and the Sonia Gandhi-led National Advisory Council over the Food Security Act are coming up against a central concern posed by the Congress chief: How can the selection criteria ensure the poor and deserving dont get left out? NAC members who interact with the government point out that Sonia repeatedly underlines her personal experience over the years during visits to deprived areas where she has found that the poor are simply not counted in any state survey and are denied any benefits. The Congress chiefs poser that the inability of the poor, particularly tribals and dalits, to access below poverty line cards needed to tap official welfare schemes will defeat the very objective of a law providing 35 kg food grain a month to the widest set of recipients is proving tough to answer. Here, even automatic inclusion parameters may not mean the severely disadvantaged groups will be assured a minimum level of food security, said sources familiar with the Congress supremos thinking. Sonia is keen the proposed law be effective in addressing needs of those who live on the brink and need state support and her conviction that exclusion criteria are applied in a bureaucratic manner and end up leaving the needy out in the cold tilts the scale towards universal eligibility which the government continues to baulk at. Several permutations have been considered including limiting universal public distribution system to districts with chronic poverty or looking for the right urban-rural ratios. But while some campaigners argue that governments fears of having to maintain large stocks are misplaced as universal PDS will be accessed only by those who need it, the government is not quite convinced. The government feels that legal provisions stating population percentages to be catered for will mean it has to provide for adequate food grain for all intended beneficiaries. A law is mandatory and the optimum values have to be factored in. The tussle over selection of beneficiaries has seen populist politics pushing for dilution of criteria like pucca houses or income levels. But the Congress presidents core concern that expanding the net still does not necessarily mean that obvious beneficiaries are being catered for being tossed up and down the table in both formal and informal consultations. Food security act pledge in Prezs address A national food security act to guarantee 25 kg of rice or wheat a month to BPL families, consolidation of rural employment and Bharat Nirman, a focus on terrorism and Indias neighbourhood, initiatives for urban employment and a promise to battle recessionary trends are likely to be part of Presidents address to Parliament. The first meeting of the Union Cabinet after the conclusion of government-formation, scheduled for Saturday morning, may consider President Pratibha Patils speech to the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament. The speech, to be delivered on June 4, has been extensively worked on by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. The Presidents address is expected to highlight areas outlined by the PM like infrastructure and security. High on the governments agenda are plans for a National Counter Terrorism Centre, modernisation of police forces through training and technology and diversified recruitment. It will also speak of pushing programmes like highways that have languished. Some legislations like the Unorganised workers social security bill and Right to Education Bill, National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill, expansion of the Rashtriya Swathya Bima Yojana and the National Child Labour Project, integrated development of minority concentration districts and approval of a National Tribal Policy are initiatives the government would like to speeden up. With economy and job losses very much a concern, the address will look to stress development of social and physical infrastructure along with specific plans like an urban employment safety net. The government will work on a comprehensive overhaul of public healthcare, restructuring Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), strengthening implementation of 11th and 12th plan power projects and attention on employment-generating small sector enterprises. The government is planning major efforts to decrease infant and mother mortality rates, bring about accountability in Primary Health Centres, initiate a household survey of the National Rural Healthcare Mission, besides approving rigorous oversight in ensuring dispensation of medicines before expiry dates. In the education sector, the main focus is likely to be on quality education by restructuring SSA, seen as a success story, and on guaranteeing education for all. The government is expected to  restructure SSA into a Mission for Quality Elementary Education to deal effectively with teacher absenteeism and drop out rates. The government has set up a target of adding 78,577 Mw of power generation capacity in the current 11th five year plan which has been raised to 1 lakh MW during the 12th five year plan. A major thrust on the micro small and medium enterprises (MSME) sector hit badly by the global economic slowdown to protect workers and artisans can be expected. Government may insist on use of handlooms and handicrafts in decor for government offices as well as for venues for the forthcoming At the start of UPAs first term in office, the Presidents address had reflected the commitments made in the common minimum programme and this time around, Congresss manifesto is expected to be foundation of the speech. A nation-wide skill development programme and scholarship schemes for needy students and those from the minority communities are on the governments check list. The electoral success in attracting minority votes could see the President refer to Congresss poll promise of taking its minority reservation models in states like Andhra Pradesh, to the national level. The government feels that it has been the recipient of a rural feel-good with the agrarian economy benefitting from higher MPS, NREGA and the loan waiver. With an eye to consolidating its image as pro-farmer, the government is expected to work towards providing interest relief to all farmers who repay bank loans on schedule. The loan waiver has reached 3.68 crore families. In the power sector, operationalisation of the National Electricity Fund, infrastructure implementation in the north-east, faster implementation of flagship programmes and monitoring through third parties and capacity building are on the table. Sanghatana says Food Security Act will ruin farmers The Shetkari Sanghatana has come out strongly against the proposed Food Security Act of the UPA government terming it as anti-farmer and a measure that would fuel inflation, derail countrys economy and produce an army of lazy people who get food almost for free without need to work. The proposed law is aimed at only garnering votes in 2014 elections by the ruling parties at the Centre. Providing subsidized food to 67% of countrys population or 81 crore people would cost the country Rs1,25,000 crore. It would have far-reaching implications on productivity and economy of the country and destroy dignity of labour, said Ram Neole, spokesman of the Sanghatana. Providing cheap foodgrains to the disabled, needy people can be seen as a noble gesture of a caring government in a welfare state. But the Food Security ordinance brought in a haste without waiting for a parliamentary clearance to cover an overwhelming majority of population is a cheap political gimmick, said Neole. His Shetkari Sanghatana led by Sharad Joshi favoured free market economy with farmers getting adequate rates for their produce. The Food Act would mean that farmers producing paddy, wheat and coarse grains like jowar would never get the right price as the government that controls pricing and procurement would never allow a hike so as to contain the cost of the scheme, explained Neole. Under the new law those demanding the foodgrains would be given rice for Rs3, wheat for Rs2 and jowar for Rs1 a kg. Of course, when faced with huge budgetary deficit that is bound to happen, the government would increase taxes on traders and salaried classes and businessmen and professionals burdening them further, Neole apprehended. All this will lead to loss of income for farmers, more taxes and non-availability of labour force for productive work at farms and factories, he feared. Contradicting this viewpoint, Vidarbha Jan Andolan Samiti president Kishore Tiwari has jumped in support of the law. In a statement here, he said: Only those ignorant of hunger and deprivation that kills lakhs of people in villages every year would oppose the law. Such political parties and people would be taught a lesson in 2014 elections for opposing a pro-poor policy, said Tiwari. The poor have a right to food and the proposed law is the first step to acknowledge it, he added. Food subsidy bill may touch Rs 75K cr on back of Food Security Act The proposed Food Security Act may not put additional burden on the government in the current fiscal year as the government can find the resources to fund the plan from the spending outlined for 2011-12, finance ministry officials said. However, the food subsidy bill could soar to as much as Rs 75,000 crore from the estimated Rs 60,572.98 crore for the 2011-12 fiscal year. Finance ministry officials said the government will provide the money for funding this exercise. The ministry has already asked various departments to  tighten their belts and not to undertake any new spending commitments as it sticks to its plan of meeting the fiscal deficit target of 4.6% of gross domestic product. The government is keen to stick to its deficit target as it has embarked on a drive to mend public finances. Earlier, the government had said it was ready to provide for any additional fuel subsidy as result of the spike in global crude oil prices and is confident of finding the resources from within the budget for the 2011-12 financial year. The government has an ambitious share sale programme in state run companies and plans to raise Rs 40,000 crore. Despite volatile stock market and global economic conditions, finance ministry officials are confident of achieving the target. It is also banking on other non-tax revenues to help it keep within it spending limits despite pressure points on the subsidy front. Sources said the ministry of food and consumer affairs was staring at a requirement of over 70 million tonnes of foodgrain to support the food security act. Given the trends in procurement and the need to maintain buffer stocks, it could pose a problem for the government and force it to import from the international market. Any plans to impose large quantities of grains could push up prices in the global market and widen the governments subsidy burden. Some analysts say the food subsidy could touch Rs 1 lakh crore in two years. It remains to be seen how the government balances the demand for the food security act against the backdrop of a tight fiscal situation. Analysts say importing costly food to run the Food Security Act could blow a hole in public finances and reverse the trend in fiscal consolidation. Congress hopes to get food bill passed Conscious that the window to secure passage of the food security bill is narrowing as the scheduled end of the monsoon session of parliament nears, the Congress on Sunday expressed the hope that the landmark measure will get approved during the coming week. We hope the food bill will be passed in parliament on Monday or Tuesday, Congress spokesperson PC Chacko told IANS. The ongoing monsoon session of parliament is scheduled to end on August 30. Though the lower house functioned on Saturday, in lieu of a holiday last week, the food bill was not listed as opposition parties wanted it to be  debated on Monday. The food bill will be taken up on Monday, Parliamentary Affairs Minister Kamal Nath had told reporters on Friday. If it gets passed in the lower house on Monday, the bill can be taken up in the Rajya Sabha on Tuesday. Politics scuttled Congress managers plans to get it passed for the entire week Aug 19-24 as the opposition did not let the house run over the issues of missing coal-block allocation files, statehood for Telangana and high prices of food items. The managers hope that Prime Minister Manmohan Singhs statement in the Rajya Sabha on Monday would end the controversy over missing coal-block files. The speakers suspension on Friday of 12 anti-Telangana members, who had been disrupting the lower house, has sought to address the issue of endorsement for a new state. The Lok Sabha functioned Saturday for the first time since the session began Aug 5 and passed three bills Governors (Emoluments, Allowances and Privileges) Amendment Bill, 2012, The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order (Amendment) Bill, 2012 and Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012.

Informative Speech on Teenage Suicide -- Teenage Suicide Essays

Look around at your peers in the school. How many of them wish they were dead? When 13.7% of males and 30.1% of females in 10th grade say they seriously consider committing suicide, we need think about what is wrong. What makes these 15 and 16 year olds that have so much of their life left to live want to die? 14% of teens said they tried to kill themselves. That’s like having 3 people in our class who have tried to commit suicide. The pressures of life at our age are difficult but they’re not so difficult that 4,135 teenagers a year should be killing themselves. The rate of teenage suicide has tripled since 1950, but why?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Is it because movies and video games have become more violent? Is it because they make death seem to be heroic, romantic, and glamorous? A 16-year-old boy who attempted suicide because of teasing at school said that before he tried to commit suicide he imagined his funeral with all the people who teased him feeling horrible about what they had done. He didn’t seem to think that when he died it would be over. All he cared about was that dieing would just get him revenge. So is it because teenagers are less realistic about death that caused the suicide rate to triple?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Or is it because of the breakdown of the family? In 1980 there were only 411 cases of divorces for youths under 25 and in 1999 there were 824. The amount of divorces has more then doubled. More and more families are getting divorced an...

Nielsen’s Aperture Framings in Casablanca

In Casablanca, Jakob Isak Nielsen used staging and shot composition to further impose and show the viewer the important parts and details in a particular series of scenes or stories. In doing this, he focused on aperture framing. So what does Nielsen meant by `aperture framings` as he explained in the article? As I have analyzed the diagrams and comprehended the short definition, I think aperture framing is the picking of an important part in a scene and frame it into a more close-up and detailed shot for the viewers’ advanced understanding, even if logic and standards are violated on the part of the characters. According to the article, Nielsen’s aperture framing does more than filling out the composition and supplementing the series of shots. Aperture framing was said to have more important functions in the viewer’s understanding and perception of the obvious and concealed meanings and symbols in the movie. The aperture framing was said to help direct the viewers’ attention, evoke mood, and have metaphorical and thematic implications for the film. The diagrams and explanation of Nielsen provided me a clear understanding of how aperture framing performs the mentioned functions. Based on how I understood it, directing viewers’ attention is primarily done by the close-up, angled, and detailed frames produced by the aperture. Metaphors in aperture framing is done through focusing or framing the hidden extra-objects and compositions in the background or as formed by the main objects. Lastly, the aperture framing provides mood and theme for a particular scene through the use of some elements like darkness/brightness, lines, shades, colors, and basic composition techniques. Overall, these were done in Casablanca to give a more vivid, concrete, and imposing conveyance of important and usually unraveled meanings and stories.

Worksheet for Chebyshevs Inequality

Chebyshev’s inequality says that at least 1 -1/K2 of data from a sample must fall within K standard deviations from the mean, where ​​K is any positive real number greater than one. This means that we don’t need to know the shape of the distribution of our data. With only the mean and standard deviation, we can determine the amount of data a certain number of standard deviations from the mean. The following are some problems to practice using the inequality. Example #1 A class of second graders has a mean height of five feet with a standard deviation of one inch. At least what percent of the class must be between 4’10† and 5’2†?​​ Solution The heights that are given in the range above are within two standard deviations from the mean height of five feet. Chebyshev’s inequality says that at least 1 – 1/22 3/4 75% of the class is in the given height range. Example #2 Computers from a particular company are found to last on average for three years without any hardware malfunction, with a standard deviation of two months. At least what percent of the computers last between 31 months and 41 months? Solution The mean lifetime of three years corresponds to 36 months. The times of 31 months to 41 months are each 5/2 2.5 standard deviations from the mean. By Chebyshev’s inequality, at least 1 – 1/(2.5)62 84% of the computers last from 31 months to 41 months. Example #3 Bacteria in a culture live for an average time of three hours with a standard deviation of 10 minutes. At least what fraction of the bacteria live between two and four hours? Solution Two and four hours are each one hour away from the mean. One hour corresponds to six standard deviations. So at least 1 – 1/62 35/36 97% of the bacteria live between two and four hours. Example #4 What is the smallest number of standard deviations from the mean that we must go if we want to ensure that we have at least 50% of the data of a distribution? Solution Here we use Chebyshev’s inequality and work backward. We want 50% 0.50 1/2 1 – 1/K2. The goal is to use algebra to solve for K. We see that 1/2 1/K2. Cross multiply and see that 2 K2. We take the square root of both sides, and since K is a number of standard deviations, we ignore the negative solution to the equation. This shows that K is equal to the square root of two. So at least 50% of the data is within approximately 1.4 standard deviations from the mean. Example #5 Bus route #25 takes a mean time of 50 minutes with a standard deviation of 2 minutes. A promotional poster for this bus system states that â€Å"95% of the time bus route #25 lasts from ____ to _____ minutes.† What numbers would you fill in the blanks with? Solution This question is similar to the last one in that we need to solve for K, the number of standard deviations from the mean. Start by setting 95% 0.95 1 – 1/K2. This shows that 1 - 0.95 1/K2. Simplify to see that 1/0.05 20 K2. So K 4.47. Now express this in the terms above. At least 95% of all rides are 4.47 standard deviations from the mean time of 50 minutes. Multiply 4.47 by the standard deviation of 2 to end up with nine minutes. So 95% of the time, bus route #25 takes between 41 and 59 minutes.